Environmental enrichment interaction for laboratory beagle dogs used in research.

Experimental animal facilities can have a negative impact on the well-being of animals owing to confinement. To mitigate this, environmental enrichment (EE) is implemented confinement. The purpose of EE is to enhance the complexity of an animal's natural environment. The objective of this study was to identify the types of EE most enjoyed by dogs used in experimental research and housed in individual kennels. A total of six adult Beagle dogs, housed at the Laboratório de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterinária (LQEPV) at the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) were included in the study. The EE tools used included Petball® toys, a grassy outdoor area, interaction with other dogs and with a team member, a "pool" made of plastic bottles, and dog's wet food ice cream. A team member assessed the usage of these tools every 5 min for a 30-min period, six times per day, one day per week, over the course of eight weeks. The study revealed that the grass area was the tool most commonly used for physical enrichment, accounting for 58% of the occurrences (p < 0.05). Social and food enrichment were enjoyed in second and third place, with 23% and 19% of occurrences, respectively. that the study findings suggest that dogs housed in individual kennels enjoy engaging in their natural behaviors.

Os animais de biotério podem viver em situações que afetem o seu bem-estar, como o confinamento. Um dos métodos que buscam para reduzir os impactos negativos é o Enriquecimento Ambiental (EA), o qual objetiva a promoção da complexidade do ambiente dos animais. Foi possível, com esta pesquisa, atingir o objetivo de identificar quais tipos de EA são mais aproveitados por cães utilizados em pesquisas experimentais que viviam em canis individuais. Foram utilizados seis cães adultos, Beagles, oriundos do Laboratório de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterinária (LQEPV) da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). Como ferramentas de EA foram utilizados brinquedos Petball®, área de grama ao ar livre, interação com outros cães e com uma pessoa da equipe, "piscina" de garrafas plásticas e sorvete de ração úmida. Um membro da equipe avaliou o uso a cada 5 minutos, por período de 30 minutos (6 avaliações) por dia, um dia por semana ao longo de 8 semanas. O estudo revelou que a ferramenta mais usufruída pelos cães foi a área de grama através do enriquecimento físico, quantificado em 58% de ocorrência (p<0,05). Os enriquecimentos sociais e alimentar, foram usufruídos em segundo e terceiro lugar, com 23% e 19% de ocorrência, respectivamente. Pode-se concluir que os cães mantidos em canis individuais individualizados mais necessitam exercer seu comportamento natural específico, para que seu grau de bem-estar seja mantido em nível satisfatório e em consequência sua saúde mental.

Association between shortened dental configurations and health outcomes: a scoping review.

This study mapped definitions of shortened dental configurations and health outcomes employed in association studies. A scoping review was conducted using the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO and Cochrane databases. Two trained researchers selected studies and extracted data. Studies that investigated the association between shortened dental configurations (exposure) and person-centered outcomes (general and oral health) related to health behavior (dietary patterns). Clinical outcomes were classified according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and the International Classification of Diseases of the World Health Organization (WHO). Shortened dental configurations were defined as at least 20/21 teeth or the position of the teeth, including esthetics, dental occlusion and periodontal status (Eichner Index, Shortened Dental Arches, Functional Dentition Classification System, Posterior Occluding Pairs, Functional Tooth Units). The initial search resulted in 12,525 records in English, Portuguese and Spanish, 432 of which addressed the association of interest. General health (n = 203) and oral health (n = 201) were addressed in a similar number of studies. Most outcomes were related to general health (n = 184), the most frequent of which were endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases (n = 57) and mental functions (n = 26). Person-centered measures were addressed in 153 studies, most of which were about oral health and oral health-related quality of life (n = 62). Oral health outcomes were predominantly related to intake functions (n = 44) and diseases or disorders of the orofacial complex (n = 24). Dietary patterns (n = 43) and mortality (n = 38) were also studied. The cross-sectional design (n = 257) and non-probabilistic sampling (n = 218) were more frequent. The shortened dental configurations defined by the WHO were the most frequent in the studies (n = 206). The effects of shortened dental configurations have been investigated mainly in relation to endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases and measures of oral health-related quality of life. The findings point to a diversity of health outcomes assessed and substantial methodological variability.

Supervised exercise therapy program vs non-supervised exercise therapy program after distal radius fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: It is an updated systematic review with meta-analysis that compared supervised exercise therapy (SET) vs non-supervised exercise therapy (NSET) programs for patients with distal radius fracture. PURPOSE: The purpose of this systematic review is to appraise the current literature to determine if SET program is more effective than a NSET program for pain relief, improvement of range of movement, function and grip strength, both in the short or medium term for patients following distal radius fractures. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: The following electronic databases were searched: Medline/Pubmed, PEDro, Cinahl, Embase, CENTRAL, and Lilacs. PICOT strategy was used for trial selection. The searches were conducted on August 22, 2021, and May 26, 2022. Two researchers performed an independent search for papers from the references of the chosen trials. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) was used for assessing the quality of evidence. RESULTS: The search strategy identified 2786 potentially eligible studies and 15 studies met our inclusion criteria. The results did not show that the SET program was more effective than the NSET program for all outcomes, in both terms for patients after distal radius fractures. GRADE showed that all analyses presented very low-quality evidence. CONCLUSIONS: Even the results showing there was no difference between the two programs analyzed, the available evidence for randomized controlled trials was insufficient to support these results.

Validation of pairs of antagonist teeth for the evaluation of shortened dental arch in epidemiological studies.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of pairs of antagonist teeth (epidemiological criterion) for defining pairs of teeth in occlusal contact (clinical criterion) and to estimate the agreement between the prevalence of "shortened dental arch" (SDA) and "functional dentition" (FD) when occlusal units (OUs) or posterior occluding pairs (POPs) are defined by the epidemiological or clinical criterion. Data were collected in an epidemiological oral health survey conducted in a municipality in Minas Gerais, Brazil. OUs and POPs were defined by the epidemiological criterion (dental crown status) or clinical criterion "gold standard" (carbon paper record of occlusal contacts during habitual maximum intercuspation). SDA corresponded to the presence of an intact anterior region and three to five OUs. FD was based on the concomitant presence of ≥ 1 tooth in each arch, 10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, ≥ 3 premolar POPs, and ≥ 1 molar POP bilaterally. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of the epidemiological criterion were calculated. The study included 197 adults. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 88.5, 87.9, 92.5, and 81.9%, respectively, and accuracy was 88.3%. The epidemiological criterion proved to be valid and could be used in epidemiological studies to calculate the prevalence of reduced dental configurations that consider POPs. The assessment of oral functionality is an aspect that should be included in the diagnosis of the clinical condition of patients, contributing to a more effective individual and collective oral health care plan.

Relationship between Biofilm Production and High Somatic Cell Count in Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated from Milk of Cows with Subclinical Mastitis.

Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is one of the main agents that causes mastitis in dairy cows, mainly inducing the subclinical form, which is characterized by a high somatic cell count (SCC). The aim of this study was to correlate the increase in SCC caused by S. agalactiae in cows with subclinical mastitis to the presence of genes related to adhesion and invasion in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) and biofilm formation. Considering the 145 isolates tested, 57.2% presented the capsular type Ia and 42.8% presented type III. We identified the virulence genes among the isolates and determined nine genetic profiles. The most common profile was identified in 69 isolates (47.5%): Ia, fbsA+, fbsB-, pI1-, pI2a-, pI2b+, and hylb+. All isolates produced biofilm, with 58.6% classified as strong producers, 29% as moderate producers and 12.4% as weak producers. No statistical correlation was found between the presence of virulence genes and increased SCC or biofilm production. However, biological evidence was observed between increased SCC and biofilm production. One isolate from each profile was randomly subjected to adhesion and invasion assays, and all of them adhered to BEMC, but none were able to invade. Our results showed that different genetic profiles do not provide advantages for bacteria to invade BMEC in vitro. In addition, biofilm production appears to be related to high SCC.

Configurações dentárias reduzidas no contexto de estudos epidemiológicos: associação com desfechos de saúde e validação de critério diagnóstico / Shortened dental configurations in the context of epidemiological studies: association with health outcomes and validation of diagnostic criteria

Objetivou-se mapear os conceitos de configuração dentária reduzida empregados em estudos epidemiológicos associados com desfechos em saúde (estudo 1), bem como avaliar a validade de uma configuração utilizada em estudos epidemiológicos (pares de dentes antagonistas) (Estudo 2). Para o estudo 1 realizou-se uma revisão de literatura do tipo Scoping review com busca nas bases de dados PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo e Cochrane. Dois pesquisadores treinados realizaram a seleção e extração de dados de estudos que avaliaram a associação entre configuração dentária reduzida (exposição) e desfechos em saúde clínicos e centrados na pessoa (saúde geral e saúde bucal), relacionados ao comportamento em saúde (padrões de dieta), além de mortalidade. Desfechos foram classificados de acordo com a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde e com a Classificação Internacional de Doenças da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). Configurações dentárias reduzidas basearam-se na contagem de dentes presentes, na posição dos dentes considerando estética, oclusão dentária e condições periodontais. A busca inicial resultou em 12525 referências, sendo 283 incluídos. A atualização da busca incluiu 117 artigos (ntotal=400). Saúde geral (n=186) e saúde bucal (n=192) foram abordadas em número semelhante de estudos. A maioria dos desfechos foram clínicos de saúde geral (n=169), sendo as doenças endócrinas, nutricionais ou metabólicas (n=55) frequentes. Em 144 estudos foram abordadas medidas centradas na pessoa, sendo a qualidade de vida relacionada a saúde bucal (QRSB) a mais frequente (n=60). Os desfechos clínicos de saúde bucal foram predominantemente relacionados às funções de ingestão (n=42) e doenças ou distúrbios do complexo orofacial (n=23). Padrões de dieta (n=39) e mortalidade (n=34) também foram estudados. A configuração dentária reduzida definida como meta pela OMS foi a mais frequente (n=181). Para o estudo 2 avaliou-se a acurácia de pares de dentes antagonistas para mensurar a presença de pares de pré-molares e molares em contato oclusal e a concordância entre a prevalência de Arco Dental Reduzido (ADR) e Dentição funcional (DF) quando unidades oclusais dentárias (UOs)/pares de oclusão posterior (POPs) foram definidas por pares de dentes antagonistas ou pares de dentes em contato oclusal. Dados obtidos em inquérito epidemiológico de saúde bucal realizado em município de Minas Gerais, Brasil. UOs e POPs foram definidos pelo critério epidemiológico (condição da coroa dentária) ou critério clínico "padrão ouro" (registro em papel carbono dos contatos oclusais durante a máxima intercuspidação habitual). Foram calculados sensibilidade, valor preditivo positivo (VPP), valor preditivo negativo (VPN) e acurácia do critério epidemiológico. Sensibilidade, especificidade, VPP e VPN foram 88,5, 87,9, 92,5 e 81,9%, respectivamente, e acurácia foi de 88,3%. Os resultados sobre a concordância observada, coeficientes Kappa e valores estatísticos ß em relação à prevalência de ADR e DF (antagonista e contato oclusal) variaram de 0,82 a 0,98, indicando alto índice de concordância. Efeitos das configurações dentárias reduzidas têm sido investigados principalmente em relação às doenças endócrinas, nutricionais ou metabólicas e medidas de QVRSB. Há diversidade de desfechos em saúde. Critério epidemiológico mostrou-se válido e pode ser utilizado em estudos epidemiológicos para calcular a prevalência de configurações dentárias reduzidas que consideram POPs.

This study mapped definitions of shortened dental configurations and health outcomes employed in association studies (Study 1), as well as to evaluate the validity of a configuration used in epidemiological studies (pairs of antagonistic teeth) (Study 2). For study 1, a literature review of the Scoping review type was carried out with a search in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo and Cochrane databases. Two trained researchers performed the selection and data extraction of studies that evaluated the association between reduced tooth configuration (exposure) and clinical and person-centered health outcomes (general health and oral health), related to health behavior (dietary patterns), in addition to mortality. Outcomes were classified according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and the International Classification of Diseases of the World Health Organization (WHO). Shortened dental configurations were based on the number of teeth present, the position of the teeth regarding esthetics, dental occlusion and periodontal conditions. The initial search resulted in 12525 references, 283 of which were included. The search update included 117 articles (ntotal=400). General health (n=186) and oral health (n=192) were addressed in a similar number of studies. Most outcomes were general health clinics (n=169), with endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases (n=55) being frequent. In 144 studies, person-centered measures were addressed, with oral healthrelated quality of life (OHQoL) being the most frequent (n=60). Clinical oral health outcomes were predominantly related to eating functions (n=42) and diseases or disorders of the orofacial complex (n=23). Diet patterns (n=39) and mortality (n=34) were also studied. The shortened dental configuration defined as a goal by the WHO was the most frequent (n=181). For study 2, the accuracy of pairs of antagonistic teeth was evaluated to measure the presence of pairs of premolars and molars in occlusal contact and the agreement between the prevalence of Shortened Dental Arch (SDA) and Functional Dentition (FD) when units occlusal (UOs)/posterior occlusion pairs (POPs) were defined by pairs of antagonistic teeth or pairs of teeth in occlusal contact. Data obtained from an epidemiological survey of oral health carried out in the municipality of Minas Gerais, Brazil. UOs and POPs were defined by epidemiological criteria (condition of the dental crown) or clinical "gold standard" criteria (carbon paper recording of occlusal contacts during maximum habitual intercuspation). Sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of the epidemiological criterion were calculated. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 88.5, 87.9, 92.5 and 81.9%, respectively, and accuracy was 88.3%. The results on observed agreement, Kappa coefficients and ß statistical values in relation to the prevalence of SDA and FD (antagonist and occlusal contact) ranged from 0.82 to 0.98, indicating a high level of agreement. Effects of reduced tooth configurations have been investigated mainly in relation to endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases and OHQoL measures. There is a diversity of health outcomes. Epidemiological criteria proved to be valid and can be used in epidemiological studies to calculate the prevalence of reduced dental configurations that consider POPs.

Síndrome de Rendu-Osler-Weber com acometimento multissistêmico: um relato de caso e revisão de literatura frente à Terapia Antiangiogênica / Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome with multisystem involvement: a case report and literature review regarding Antiangiogenic Therapy

A Telangiectasia Hemorrágica Hereditária ou Síndrome de Rendu-Osler-Weber é uma displasia fibrovascular sistêmica de herança autossômica dominante caracterizada por epistaxes de repetição, telangiectasias mucocutâneas e malformações arteriovenosas (MAVs) que frequentemente acometem as circulações pulmonar, hepática e cerebral. Tratamentos sistêmicos podem ser necessários para aqueles com sangramento refratário geralmente manifestados por necessidade de múltiplas transfusões sanguíneas e reposição de ferro. Com o avançar dos estudos, em 2020, houve a incorporação de terapias antiangiogênicas sistêmicas nos algoritmos para epistaxe, sangramentos de trato gastrointestinal e MAVs hepáticas graves. Neste estudo, trazemos o relato de uma paciente com a síndrome atendida no Hospital Municipal Moysés Deutsch localizado em São Paulo-SP no mês de maio de 2022. Além disso, faz-se uma revisão bibliográfica de sua etiopatogenia, manifestações clínicas e terapêutica com ênfase no que temos de mais novo em relação às terapias sistêmicas antiangiogênicas, ainda com necessidade de estudos controlados randomizados em busca de evidências mais consolidadas em relação à eficácia, perfis de segurança e eventos adversos.

Prevalencia de Hipomineralización Molar-Incisica (HMI) en niños brasileños y asociación con enfermedades respiratorias o nacimientos prematuros / Prevalence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) in Brazilian children and investigation with respiratory diseases or premature births

La Hipomineralización Molar Incisiva (HMI) se describe como un defecto cualitativo en el desarrollo del esmalte que afecta al menos a un molar permanente, pudiendo o no afectar a los incisivos permanentes. La prevalencia reportada en la literatura mundial varía del 2,8% al 44%. Su etiología aún es incierta, y frecuentemente se asocia con factores prenatales, perinatales y posnatales. Objetivos: evaluar la prevalencia de HMI en pacientes atendidos en una Facultad de Odontología en la ciudad de Vitória-ES y su asociación con factores causales. Métodos: se evaluaron clínicamente 302 niños, con edades comprendidas entre los 5 y 14 años, en condiciones ideales en la Clínica Infantil de la Facultad de Odontología de MULTIVIX, y se les aplicó un cuestionario. Resultados: 66 niños (21,85%) presentaron HMI. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los sexos y no se encontró asociación con enfermedades respiratorias en la infancia ni parto prematuro. Conclusión: se encontró una alta prevalencia de HMI en niños brasileños y ninguna asociación con enfermedades respiratorias o partos prematuros. Se sugiere realizar nuevos estudios con criterios estandarizados para determinar la prevalencia y su relación con factores causales.

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is described as a qualitative enamel development defect that affects at least one permanent molar and may or may not affect the permanent incisors. The prevalence reported in the world literature ranges from 2.8% to 44%. Its etiology is still unclear, with prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors often associated. Objectives: evaluate the prevalence of HMI in patients attented at a Dental School in the city of Vitória-ES and its association with causal factors. Methods: 302 children with the presence of first permanent molars, aged between 5 and 14 aged, were clinically evaluated under ideal conditions at the Children's Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry of MULTIVIX and a questionnaire was applied. Results: 66 children (21.85%) had HMI. There was no significant difference between the sexes and there was no association with childhood respiratory diseases and preterm birth. Conclusion: High prevalence of MIH was found in Brazilian children and no association with respiratory diseases or premature births. It is suggested that further studies be carried out with standardized criteria to determine the prevalence and its relationship with causal factors.

Validation of pairs of antagonist teeth for the evaluation of shortened dental arch in epidemiological studies

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of pairs of antagonist teeth (epidemiological criterion) for defining pairs of teeth in occlusal contact (clinical criterion) and to estimate the agreement between the prevalence of "shortened dental arch" (SDA) and "functional dentition" (FD) when occlusal units (OUs) or posterior occluding pairs (POPs) are defined by the epidemiological or clinical criterion. Data were collected in an epidemiological oral health survey conducted in a municipality in Minas Gerais, Brazil. OUs and POPs were defined by the epidemiological criterion (dental crown status) or clinical criterion "gold standard" (carbon paper record of occlusal contacts during habitual maximum intercuspation). SDA corresponded to the presence of an intact anterior region and three to five OUs. FD was based on the concomitant presence of ≥ 1 tooth in each arch, 10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, ≥ 3 premolar POPs, and ≥ 1 molar POP bilaterally. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of the epidemiological criterion were calculated. The study included 197 adults. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 88.5, 87.9, 92.5, and 81.9%, respectively, and accuracy was 88.3%. The epidemiological criterion proved to be valid and could be used in epidemiological studies to calculate the prevalence of reduced dental configurations that consider POPs. The assessment of oral functionality is an aspect that should be included in the diagnosis of the clinical condition of patients, contributing to a more effective individual and collective oral health care plan.

Genetic and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Mammary Pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) Isolates from Bovine Clinical Mastitis.

Mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) is one of the main pathogens of environmental origin responsible for causing clinical mastitis worldwide. Even though E. coli are strongly associated with transient or persistent mastitis and the economic impacts of this disease, the virulence factors involved in the pathogenesis of MPEC remain unknown. Our aim was to characterize 110 MPEC isolates obtained from the milk of cows with clinical mastitis, regarding the virulence factor-encoding genes present, adherence patterns on HeLa cells, and antimicrobial resistance profile. The MPEC isolates were classified mainly in phylogroups A (50.9%) and B1 (38.2%). None of the isolates harbored genes used for diarrheagenic E. coli classification, but 26 (23.6%) and 4 (3.6%) isolates produced the aggregative or diffuse adherence pattern, respectively. Among the 22 genes investigated, encoding virulence factors associated with extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli pathogenesis, fimH (93.6%) was the most frequent, followed by traT (77.3%) and ompT (68.2%). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis revealed six pulse-types with isolates obtained over time, thus indicating persistent intramammary infections. The genes encoding beta-lactamases detected were as follows: blaTEM (35/31.8%); blaCTX-M-2/blaCTX-M-8 (2/1.8%); blaCTX-M-15 and blaCMY-2 (1/0.9%); five isolates were classified as extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. As far as we know, papA, shf, ireA, sat and blaCTX-M-8 were detected for the first time in MPEC. In summary, the genetic profile of the MPEC studied was highly heterogeneous, making it impossible to establish a common genetic profile useful for molecular MPEC classification. Moreover, the detection of ESBL-producing isolates is a serious public health concern.

Irinotecan-Loaded Polymeric Micelles as a Promising Alternative to Enhance Antitumor Efficacy in Colorectal Cancer Therapy.

Colorectal cancer has been considered a worldwide public health problem since current treatments are often ineffective. Irinotecan is a frontline chemotherapeutic agent that has dose-limiting side effects that compromise its therapeutic potential. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel, targeted drug delivery system with high therapeutic efficacy and an improved safety profile. Here, micellar formulations composed of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethyleneglycol)-2000] (DSPE-mPEG2k) containing irinotecan were proposed as a strategy for colorectal cancer therapy. Firstly, the irinotecan-loaded micelles were prepared using the solvent evaporation method. Then, micelles were characterized in terms of size, polydispersity, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and release kinetics. Cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity were evaluated. The micelles showed size around 13 nm, zeta potential near neutral (-0.5 mV), and encapsulation efficiency around 68.5% (irinotecan 3 mg/mL) with a sustained drug release within the first 8 h. The micelles were evaluated in a CT26 tumor animal model showing inhibition of tumor growth (89%) higher than free drug (68.7%). Body weight variation, hemolytic activity, hematological, and biochemical data showed that, at the dose of 7.5 mg/kg, the irinotecan-loaded micelles have low toxicity. In summary, our findings provide evidence that DSPE-mPEG2k micelles could be considered potential carriers for future irinotecan delivery and their possible therapeutic application against colorectal cancer.

A Blockchain-Based Architecture for Trust in Collaborative Scientific Experimentation.

In scientific collaboration, data sharing, the exchange of ideas and results are essential to knowledge construction and the development of science. Hence, we must guarantee interoperability, privacy, traceability (reinforcing transparency), and trust. Provenance has been widely recognized for providing a history of the steps taken in scientific experiments. Consequently, we must support traceability, assisting in scientific results' reproducibility. One of the technologies that can enhance trust in collaborative scientific experimentation is blockchain. This work proposes an architecture, named BlockFlow, based on blockchain, provenance, and cloud infrastructure to bring trust and traceability in the execution of collaborative scientific experiments. The proposed architecture is implemented on Hyperledger, and a scenario about the genomic sequencing of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is used to evaluate the architecture, discussing the benefits of providing traceability and trust in collaborative scientific experimentation. Furthermore, the architecture addresses the heterogeneity of shared data, facilitating interpretation by geographically distributed researchers and analysis of such data. Through a blockchain-based architecture that provides support on provenance and blockchain, we can enhance data sharing, traceability, and trust in collaborative scientific experiments.

Recomendações para o enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID-19 em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos: rapid review / Recommendations for managing COVID-19 pandemic in long-term care facilities for the older people: a rapid review

Resumo Introdução O controle da disseminação do coronavírus em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI) é considerado um desafio, uma vez que os idosos fazem parte do grupo de risco e apresentam prognóstico bastante desfavorável e também alta letalidade. Objetivo Conduzir uma rapid review para mapear e sintetizar a literatura sobre medidas de enfrentamento de Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) em ILPI. Método Foi realizada uma Rapid review, e as buscas foram conduzidas nas bases de dados eletrônicas Biblioteca Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo, Medline/Pubmed e Google Scholar. Foram incluídas publicações a partir de 2019, nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol. A seleção das publicações ocorreu em duas etapas: leitura dos títulos/resumos; e leitura na íntegra de todas as publicações selecionadas. As recomendações para enfrentamento da COVID-19 em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos foram extraídas e agrupadas de acordo com o conteúdo. Resultados Foram selecionadas 59 publicações que descreviam recomendações referentes aos temas: controle da disseminação do vírus; formação / educação continuada dos trabalhadores responsáveis pelo cuidado ao idoso; bem como o cuidado no contexto da pandemia: residentes, trabalhadores e familiares, e planejamento e gerenciamento de ações para o enfrentamento. Conclusão As recomendações para o enfrentamento da COVID-19 demandam comportamentos para evitar a disseminação do vírus, adaptações nas dinâmicas de cuidado e de convivência nas instituições, planejamento de ações específicas e suporte familiar, institucional e do Estado para assegurar a proteção da saúde física e psicossocial dos idosos e trabalhadores.

Abstract Background Controlling the spread of the coronavirus in Long-Term Care Facilities for older adults is considered a challenge, since this group have a very unfavorable prognosis and also high lethality. Objective To conduct a rapid review of guidelines to manage COVID-19 in Long-Term Care Facilities for older adults. Method A Rapid review was carried out, searches were conducted in the electronic databases Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo and Medline/Pubmed. Publications from 2019 were included, in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. The selection of publications took place in two stages: reading the titles/abstracts and reading in full all selected publications by two independent researchers. Guidelines for managing COVID-19 in LCTFs were extracted and grouped according to content. Results 59 publications were selected describing guidelines regarding control of the spread of the virus; training/continuing education of staff responsible for caring for the elderly residents; care addressing residents, staff and family during the pandemic and planning and management of actions to manage the disease. Conclusion Guidelines for managing COVID-19 demand for behaviors to prevent the spread of the virus and adaptations in the dynamics of care and the coexistence inside facilities. They also require planning for specific actions that include family, institutional and State support so the protection of physical and psychosocial health of the elderly residents and staff is ensured.

Effect of dentifrices with different pH and fluoride concentrations on fluoride levels in biofilm and nails: an RCT.

PURPOSE: to evaluate the effect of dentifrice pH and fluoride concentration ([F]) on fluoride uptake on the biofilm and nails of children from a non-fluoridated area. METHODS: two hundred and twenty-eight two- to four-year-old children were randomly allocated into 3 groups according to the type of dentifrice: G1: 1100 µg F/g, pH 4.5 (n = 76); G2: 750 µg F/g, pH 4.5 (n = 74); and G3: 1100 µg F/g, pH 7.0 (n = 78). Nails were collected at 4, 8, and 12 months after starting dentifrice use and biofilm was collected 5 and 60 minutes after toothbrushing. The concentrations of F in nails and biofilm were analyzed by HMDS facilitated diffusion. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis/Mann-Whitney's test and the comparison between biofilm collection times was done using Wilcoxon test (p £ 0.05). RESULTS: a significant reduction of [F] in biofilm was observed 60 minutes after toothbrushing, regardless of the dentifrice used. However, 5 minutes after toothbrushing, G1 had a significantly higher [F] compared to G2 and G3, and 60 minutes after toothbrushing, [F] was significantly higher for G1 and G2 compared to G3. G1 and G3 had significantly higher [F] in the nails compared to G2. CONCLUSION: a lower dentifrice concentration is a relevant factor for the reduction of excessive fluoride intake. The use of a low-F acidified dentifrice combines the reduction of fluoride uptake with caries prevention by leading to greater incorporation of F into the biofilm over time.

Neurotecoma de pálpebra superior esquerda: raro relato de caso / Neurothekeoma of the left upper eyelid: rare case report

Neurotecomas são neoplasias raras, benignas, de presumida linhagem fibro-histiocítica. Ao exame dermatológico e ao anatomopatológico, apresentam múltiplos diagnósticos diferenciais, o que torna sua identificação desafiadora. Relatamos o caso de paciente do sexo masculino, de 28 anos de idade, que apresentou crescimento de pápula endurecida na pálpebra superior direita, com histopatológico e imuno-histoquímica sugestivos de neurotecoma

Neurothekeomas are rare, benign dermal tumors of presumed fibrohistiocytic lineage. They present multiple differential diagnoses, making their identification challenging at the dermatological and anatomopathological examination. We report the case of a 28-year-old man who presented a hardened papule growth on the left upper eyelid with histopathology and immunohistochemistry suggestive of neurothekeoma.

Perfil de pacientes pediátricos de um centro de trauma no Brasil: um estudo transversa / Profile of pediatric patients from a trauma center in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Objetivos: Descrever a epidemiologia dos pacientes pediátricos internados em um centro de trauma em Minas Gerais, Brasil; caracterizar os dados desde admissão hospitalar até a propedêutica. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo cuja coleta de dados aconteceu entre outubro de 2017 e março de 2018 no Hospital João XXIII. Foram incluídas crianças menores de 14 anos que foram classificadas como vítimas de trauma de "muito urgência" ou "emergência" pelo protocolo de Manchester. Foi realizada análise descritiva, que incluiu as seguintes variáveis: idade, sexo, mecanismo de trauma, especialidade médica do provedor de primeira avaliação, necessidade de procedimentos cirúrgicos, propedêutica e óbito. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes foi 6,9 anos. O principal mecanismo de trauma identificado foi a lesão por queda mecânica (104; 37,9%). O traumatismo cranioencefálico foi o tipo de trauma mais frequente observado, acometendo 174 (65,4% dos pacientes). No total, 44 (16,1%) crianças foram operadas. Cinco crianças (1,8%) morreram durante o período desta avaliação epidemiológica. Conclusão: O mecanismo de trauma pediátrico mais frequente foi a queda mecânica, a lesão mais comum foi o traumatismo cranioencefálico, as crianças do sexo masculino foram mais afetadas do que as do sexo feminino. A avaliação focada com ultrassonografia no trauma demonstrou ser um exame seguro para triagem de lesão traumática. Este estudo revelou informações importantes para futuras atualizações em protocolos de trauma pediátrico.

Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of pediatric patients admitted to a trauma center in Minas Gerais, Brazil, as well as to characterize the care received since; characterize the data from hospital admission to the propaedeutics. Methods: This is a retrospective study whose data collection took place between October 2017 and March 2018 at Hospital João XXIII. Data were collected in all children under 14 years of age who were classified as victims of trauma of "very urgent" or "emergency" according to the Manchester protocol. Descriptive analysis was performed, including the following variables: age, gender, trauma mechanism, medical specialty of the first assessment provider, need for surgical procedures, propaedeutics and death. Results: The mean age of patients was 6.9 years. The main trauma mechanism identified was mechanical fall injury (104; 37.9%). Head trauma was the most frequent type of trauma observed, affecting 174 (65.4% of patients). In total, 44 (16.1%) children were operated. Five children (1.8%) died during the period of this epidemiological assessment. Conclusion: The most frequent pediatric trauma mechanism was mechanical fall, the most common injury was traumatic brain injury, male children were more affected than females. And the physician who performed the first assessment most frequently was general surgeons. The focused evaluation with ultrasonography in trauma proved to be a safe exam for the screening of traumatic injuries. This study revealed important information to inform future updates on pediatric trauma primary assessment protocols.

Effect of dentifrices with different pH and fluoride concentrations on fluoride levels in biofilm and nails: an RCT

Abstract: Purpose: to evaluate the effect of dentifrice pH and fluoride concentration ([F]) on fluoride uptake on the biofilm and nails of children from a non-fluoridated area. Methods: two hundred and twenty-eight two- to four-year-old children were randomly allocated into 3 groups according to the type of dentifrice: G1: 1100 μg F/g, pH 4.5 (n = 76); G2: 750 μg F/g, pH 4.5 (n = 74); and G3: 1100 μg F/g, pH 7.0 (n = 78). Nails were collected at 4, 8, and 12 months after starting dentifrice use and biofilm was collected 5 and 60 minutes after toothbrushing. The concentrations of F in nails and biofilm were analyzed by HMDS facilitated diffusion. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis/Mann-Whitney's test and the comparison between biofilm collection times was done using Wilcoxon test (p £ 0.05). Results: a significant reduction of [F] in biofilm was observed 60 minutes after toothbrushing, regardless of the dentifrice used. However, 5 minutes after toothbrushing, G1 had a significantly higher [F] compared to G2 and G3, and 60 minutes after toothbrushing, [F] was significantly higher for G1 and G2 compared to G3. G1 and G3 had significantly higher [F] in the nails compared to G2. Conclusion: a lower dentifrice concentration is a relevant factor for the reduction of excessive fluoride intake. The use of a low-F acidified dentifrice combines the reduction of fluoride uptake with caries prevention by leading to greater incorporation of F into the biofilm over time.

Brazilian Adults Believe that Complete Dentures would be the Solution to the Oral Impacts Caused by Reduced Dentition

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the direct and oral impact-mediated association between reduced dentitions and the self-perceived need for complete dentures (CD) in dentate adults. Material and Methods: Data from the Brazilian Oral Health Survey (2010) were analyzed. The outcome was self-perceived need for CD. Functional dentition (FDClassV) was defined by the presence of the following criteria: level I - ≥1 tooth in each arch, level II - 10 teeth in each arch, level III - 12 anterior teeth, level IV - ≥ 3 posterior occluding pairs (POPs) of premolars and level V - ≥1 bilateral POPs of molars. Oral impacts were assessed with Oral Impacts on Daily Performances scale. Results: FDClassV was associated with a less self-perceived need for CD both directly and mediated by oral impacts. Dentitions without level V were associated with the outcome mediated by oral impacts. Between individuals with 10 teeth in each arch, self-perceived need for CD was similar for those who had or not anterior teeth and POPs. Individuals with <10 teeth in each arch and level III did not have a higher frequency of self-perceived need for CD compared to those with level II. Conclusion: Oral impacts mediated the association between reduced dentitions and self-perceived need for CD. Individuals with tooth loss may report need for CD, even when they have dental configurations compatible with functionality.

Tecnologia digital como ferramenta na monitoria acadêmica do curso de Odontologia em tempos de pandemiaCOVID-19 / Digital technology as a tool for academic tutoring in dental school during the COVID-19 pandemic

Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência da monitoria por meio remoto e síncrono na disciplina prática de Endodontia pré-clínica do curso de graduação de Odontologia, durante o período de pandemia COVID-19. Trata-se de um relato de experiência, de caráter descritivo. A vivência da monitoria na disciplina de Endodontia se deu por meiodo recurso digital Collaborateda plataforma Blackboard, que possibilitou interação com os alunos, sendo possível a realização de revisões, enquetes, exposição de vídeos autoexplicativos, discussão de casos clínicos, construção de mapas mentais e tabelas descritivas, esclarecimentode dúvidas e comunicação direta entre monitor e aluno, através de câmera, áudio e chat.Foramrealizadastodas as atividadesplanejadas para o ensino remoto e a monitoria foide suma importância para o processo ensino-aprendizagem dos monitorandos e do monitor (AU).

This article aims to report the academic tutoring experience by remote and synchronous means in the practical subject of preclinical Endodontics in dental school,during the COVID-19 pandemic period. It is an experience report, of descriptive character. The experience of the academic tutoring in the subject of Endodontics took place through Collaborate, digital resource from the Blackboard platform, which enabled interaction with students, making it possible to carry out reviews, surveys, self-explanatory videos exposition, clinical cases discussion, mental maps and descriptive tables construction, clarification of doubts and direct communication between tutor and student, through camera, audio and chat. All planned activities for remote teaching were carried out and tutoring was of great importance for the teaching-learning process of both tutor and students (AU).

Evaluation of subjective vertical perception among stroke patients: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Verticality misperception is relatively common among patients after stroke, and it may be evaluated in terms of (a) subjective visual vertical (SVV), (b) subjective haptic vertical (SHV) and (c) subjective postural vertical (SPV). To better understand these assessment methods, we conducted a systematic review of the methodological characteristics of different protocols for evaluating SVV, SHV and SPV among individuals after stroke. OBJECTIVE: To standardize the methodological characteristics of protocols for evaluating verticality perception after stroke. METHODS: We searched the following databases: PUBMED, regional BVS portal (MEDLINE, LILACS, IBECS, CUBMED, Psychology Index and LIS), CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library and PEDro. Two review authors independently used the QUADAS method (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) and extracted data. RESULTS: We included 21 studies in the review: most (80.9%) used SVV, eight (38.1%) used SPV and four (19.0%) used SHV. We observed high variability in assessments of verticality perception, due to patient positions, devices used, numbers of repetitions and angle of inclination for starting the tests. CONCLUSION: This systematic review was one of the first to explore all the methods of assessing verticality perception after stroke, and it provides crucial information on how to perform the tests, in order to guide future researchers/clinicians.